Description

MIF-1 – Product Information

What MIF-1?

MIF-1, also known as melanostatin, is an oligopeptide. A tripeptide is produced in the hypothalamus as a byproduct of the breakdown of oxytocin; it suppresses the production of melanocyte-stimulating hormone. It has a known molecular weight of 284.35 g/mol. [R]

Melanostatin, a natural brain peptide, is a tiny molecule made up of just three building blocks, known as L-prolyl-L-leucylglycinamide. Researchers initially discovered melanostatin as a special substance in the hypothalamus of our brains. Its role in the body is quite unique. Think of it as a key that fits a specific lock in our brains, and when it does, it has the potential to alter how hormones function. One of its main jobs is to put the brakes on the anterior pituitary gland, preventing it from releasing the hormone that stimulates melanocytes, the cells responsible for skin color.[R]

MIF-1
CAS Number	478336-92-4
Molar Mass	284,35 g/mol
Chemical Formula	C15H25F3N4O5
IUPAC Name	Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2

How It Works

Melanostatin (MIF-1), a small but powerful tripeptide composed of Proline (Pro), Leucine (Leu), and Glycine (Gly), plays a crucial role in the central nervous system (CNS). Specifically, it acts as a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) for dopamine D2 receptors (D2R). When MIF-1 binds to the allosteric binding sites of these receptors, it triggers structural changes that enhance the affinity of orthosteric ligands to the receptor. This unique mechanism of action offers several potential advantages, such as high specificity and reduced side effects, as MIF-1’s effects are only activated when the orthosteric ligand is present. This property makes MIF-1 a promising candidate for addressing neurological conditions like Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, MIF-1 faces challenges in terms of stability within the CNS and limited gastrointestinal bioavailability, making oral administration in test subjects difficult. To overcome these obstacles while preserving its PAM activity, researchers have developed novel MIF-1 proline mimetics containing cyclic β-amino acids. Among these peptidomimetics, one has demonstrated superior performance compared to the natural MIF-1 neuropeptide in functional assays at D2R, with a lower EC50 value at just 1 nM. Importantly, this compound showed no cytotoxic effects on differentiated human neuronal cells, providing a safe option for potential therapeutic applications. Ongoing studies will further explore its chemical stability and in vitro biological permeability, offering exciting prospects for the development of complementary anti-Parkinson therapies.[R]

In the context of melanostatin’s effects, its ability to influence behavior and neurotransmitter levels underscores its potential interactions with the blood-brain barrier. Melanostatin’s capacity to modulate brain dopamine levels and its metabolite, homovanilic acid, suggests that it has the potential to interact with the brain’s neurotransmitter systems. This interaction could involve melanostatin crossing the BBB or affecting the BBB’s permeability to certain molecules. Although the precise mechanism by which melanostatin influences the BBB remains to be fully elucidated, its impact on neurotransmitter levels indicates that it interacts with the brain at a molecular level. [R] 

Melanostatin Research

Numerous studies have been conducted on the potential application of Melanostatin as a research chemical. Below are some of the relevant findings on Melanostatin:

MIF-1 Potential Impact on Dopamine in the Brain

Melanostatine-1 (MIF) and thyroliberin (TRH) have been the focus of research when it comes to understanding their effects on dopamine, a chemical messenger in the brain. In a study, scientists looked at how MIF and TRH influence the production and release of dopamine.

Interestingly, they found that MIF and TRH, when used at specific concentrations, didn’t affect the creation of dopamine when certain conditions were met. However, they did stimulate the release of dopamine when there was calcium chloride present. This suggests that MIF and TRH might play a role in releasing dopamine from special storage areas in brain cells, and this process depends on calcium. On the other hand, substances like tyramine and amphetamine seemed to boost dopamine production, and they could release dopamine whether or not calcium was around. These findings offer valuable insights into how different substances can affect brain chemistry and may help researchers better understand brain function. It’s important to note that these studies are for research purposes and not for use in humans. [R]

MIF-1 on Uncontrollable Shaking End

A “tremor” refers to uncontrollable shaking or trembling, and “inhibit” means to prevent or reduce. In this context, MIF can reduce the shaking caused by oxotremorine. Prolylleucylglycine amide (MIF)  is a remarkable endogenous brain peptide with the power to influence the central nervous system and inhibit tremors.  Scientists have discovered that when they increase the dose of MIF, its inhibitory effect on tremors in subjects also increases. [R] This insight can help refine treatments and advance our understanding of the central nervous system but further research is still needed for this chemical.

MIF-1 on Brain Enhancement

Melanostatin (MIF-I), has emerged as a key player in enhancing brain activity. Administered to subjects directly into the brain’s ventricles, MIF-I triggers heightened electrical activity in critical regions such as the neocortex, amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus. This endogenous brain peptide impact is significant, potentially influencing cognitive processes, emotional regulation, memory consolidation, and even the regulation of bodily functions. Notably, MIF-I also interacts with morphine, potentially offering new avenues for pain management and addiction treatment. However, it’s crucial to emphasize that MIF-I is not promoted for human use and needs further scientific research.[R]

MIF-1 on Depression and Aggressive Behavior

In experimental studies involving cats, melanostatin has revealed intriguing emotiotropic effects on the spectrum of emotional reactivity. These effects are reminiscent of those induced by L-DOPA and amantadine. However, it’s important to clarify that melanostatin does not possess the properties of a typical antidepressant. Instead, it plays a distinct role in modulating behavior, particularly in the context of depression induced by reserpine and haloperidol.

Melanostatin’s ability to stimulate aggressive-defensive behavior in cats subjected to experimental reserpine-induced depression is a noteworthy aspect of its action. In this context, it appears to counteract the depressive effects of reserpine and promote an active and defensive disposition. On the other hand, melanostatin appears to have a distinct effect on depression induced by haloperidol. It decreases provocation-induced aggression in cats under the influence of haloperidol, suggesting a potential function in mitigating aggressive tendencies induced by specific medications. However, these studies are conducted on animal models; therefore, further research is necessary to determine its effects on humans.  [R] 

MIF-1 on Pain Modulation

In a recent investigation involving snails, researchers made a remarkable discovery regarding the effects of MIF-1 and its counterpart, Tyr-MIF-1, on the pain-relieving properties of morphine and heat-stress-induced analgesia.

This intriguing finding revealed that the presence of MIF-1 and Tyr-MIF-1 had the capacity to inhibit the pain-alleviating effects typically associated with morphine and elevated temperatures in these gastropods. Essentially, when these chemicals were introduced, the snails exhibited reduced sensitivity to pain caused by heat or the influence of morphine. What adds a layer of fascination to this observation is the manner in which MIF-1 and Tyr-MIF-1 appear to operate, resembling the actions of opioid antagonists observed in mammals.

MIF-1 on Skin

MIF-1 (Melanostatin), a peptide with chemical properties that have potential applications in skincare, is part of the promising field of cosmeceutical peptides. These peptides play a vital role in influencing various skin-related processes, including cell proliferation, cell migration, inflammation, angiogenesis, melanogenesis, and protein synthesis. Within the realm of cosmeceuticals, MIF-1 falls into the category of neurotransmitter-affecting peptides. One notable peptide frequently used in skincare research is lysine-threonine-threonine-lysine-serine (KTTKS), which is found in type I procollagen. However, MIF-1 offers an exciting alternative research option. With its unique molecular structure, it has shown the ability to inhibit melanin formation or melanin production(melanin-producing cells), making it relevant for addressing issues and research related to skin darkening.

Moreover, MIF-1 belongs to the group of peptides that have the potential to modulate melanogenesis, a key process responsible for skin pigmentation. This property is particularly valuable in combating the effects of excessive sun exposure on human skin, where overproduction of melanin can lead to darkening and other skin concerns. [R]

Where to Buy Melanostatin Online

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Conclusion

Melanostatin is an endogenous brain peptide and a new melanin synthesis inhibitor. It regulates melanocyte-stimulating hormone, influencing skin pigmentation. It uniquely modulates hormone function in the brain but is not an antidepressant. MIF-1 affects behavior, and neurotransmitters, and shows promise in brain enhancement.

MIF-1’s significant applications extend to brain enhancement, influencing cognitive processes, emotional regulation, and memory consolidation. Moreover, it interacts with morphine, potentially aiding in pain management and addiction treatment. In animal studies, it has shown emotiotropic effects, impacting emotional reactivity and aggressive-defensive behavior. Additionally, in snail experiments, MIF-1 and Tyr-MIF-1 inhibited the pain-relieving effects of morphine and heat-induced analgesia.

In skin care, MIF-1 is part of the field of cosmeceutical peptides, influencing melanogenesis to address skin darkening caused by excessive sun exposure. This unique peptide offers potential benefits for skin health, making it an exciting area of research.

Disclaimer

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